Laboratories sit at the heart of innovation. Within these highly specialised environments, breakthroughs continue to shape industries and improve lives. From life sciences and diagnostics to advanced engineering and technology, the laboratory remains a place where ideas are tested, refined and realised.
For scientists, lab managers and research teams to perform at their best, they need environments that are safe, efficient and technically robust, while also supporting collaboration, wellbeing and growth.
At COEL, we work alongside life sciences organisations to design and deliver laboratories that balance precision with flexibility. From wet labs requiring complex extraction systems to dry labs powered by data and electrical infrastructure, every space is tailored to the business’s specific needs.
Here are eight considerations for creating a high-performing laboratory environment.
Every successful laboratory begins with a clear understanding of its purpose.
Bringing together scientists, lab managers, estates teams, and maintenance staff early in the process allows for a detailed picture of workflows, processes and technical requirements. This collaboration helps define how the space needs to function on a day-to-day basis.
Factors such as temperature control, air change rates, pressure regimes and equipment needs should be established at the outset. This forms a blueprint that guides the entire design and build process.
Planning for future expansion is equally important. A laboratory designed around current needs alone can quickly become restrictive. Taking a longer-term view ensures the space remains adaptable as research evolves.
Safety is fundamental in laboratory environments. The presence of chemicals, gases and specialist equipment introduces risks that must be carefully managed through design.
A robust strategy should include controlled storage areas, clear zoning and the integration of safety equipment such as emergency showers, eyewash stations and fire detection systems. Fume cupboards play a vital role in protecting users by safely extracting harmful vapours and aerosols.
Safe movement of materials should also be considered, with logical routes in and out of the laboratory to reduce the risk of incidents.
At COEL, our in-house mechanical and electrical specialists work closely with clients to ensure that safety systems are fully integrated, from oxygen-depletion monitoring to extraction and cooling solutions.
As Dean Powell, Group MEP Director, explains:
The primary objective in laboratory design is to provide a safe and accessible environment for personnel to carry out their work. Alongside this, flexibility is essential to support safe research and teaching use as requirements change over time.
Effective ventilation is essential to maintaining both safety and performance within a laboratory.
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems must be carefully designed to supply clean air, remove contaminants and maintain stable conditions. The required ventilation level will vary by the type of work being carried out, with higher-risk areas requiring more frequent air changes.
Modern laboratories often use variable air volume systems to balance performance with energy efficiency. Pressure differentials between spaces help prevent cross-contamination, particularly in controlled environments.
Natural ventilation may be suitable in some areas, though this must be carefully managed to maintain environmental integrity. Providing access to fresh air outside of the lab, such as terraces or breakout areas, can also support staff wellbeing.
For MicrosensDx at Cambridge Science Park, COEL delivered a purpose-built laboratory, including an ISO 7 cleanroom. A bespoke air-handling system with HEPA filtration was installed to achieve precise control of air quality and pressure, supporting the client’s diagnostic work.
Lighting plays a critical role in laboratory environments. High levels of illumination are often required for detailed tasks, but this must be carefully balanced to avoid glare and eye strain.
Layered lighting schemes that combine general and task lighting enable different zones to perform effectively. Collaboration areas may benefit from softer lighting, while bench spaces require higher-intensity lighting.
Natural light can significantly improve wellbeing and productivity. Large windows and glazed elements help bring daylight into the space, reducing reliance on artificial lighting. Where natural light is limited, systems that mimic circadian rhythms can support comfort and performance.
In our work with Biofidelity in Cambridge, the introduction of a wide wraparound window allowed natural light to flood both the laboratory and office areas, enhancing the working environment while supporting the space’s technical requirements.
A planned laboratory layout supports safe and efficient workflows. Positioning write-up benches and preparation areas along perimeter walls can improve access and create clear circulation routes for people and equipment.
Wet laboratories require integrated services such as sinks, gas supplies and extraction systems, along with chemical-resistant surfaces. Dry laboratories benefit from flexible storage, accessible power and data connections and adaptable shelving.
Modern laboratory furniture focuses on flexibility. Modular benching, mobile storage and height-adjustable workstations allow spaces to evolve as research changes.
Ergonomics should also be considered. Providing appropriate seating and adaptable work surfaces supports comfort and productivity, particularly during long periods of focused work.
Demand for laboratory space continues to grow, particularly across the Cambridge and Oxford science clusters. Adapting existing buildings can provide a practical and efficient solution.
Repurposing office or commercial space into laboratory environments requires careful coordination of services, structure and compliance, but offers significant advantages in speed and cost.
For Transition Bio, COEL transformed the office space into a fully operational laboratory, incorporating wet and dry labs, robotics zones, and specialist research areas, as well as collaborative office and breakout spaces. Glazed partitions created visual connectivity between zones, supporting a cohesive working environment.
At Sphere Fluidics, an existing commercial area was reconfigured into a state-of-the-art laboratory. The design integrated technical lab environments with welcoming communal spaces, supporting both research and team wellbeing.
Adaptable design ensures laboratories remain relevant and responsive as organisational needs evolve.
While laboratory work often requires focus and precision, collaboration plays a vital role in driving innovation.
Breakout areas provide opportunities for teams to share ideas, step away from the clinical environment and recharge. These spaces can range from informal seating areas to dedicated collaboration hubs, designed with warmer materials, softer finishes and biophilic elements.
Positioning these areas close to laboratory zones encourages natural interaction and knowledge sharing. Small moments of connection can often lead to meaningful insights.
In our project with Wren Therapeutics, collaborative areas were carefully integrated alongside laboratory spaces. From a welcoming kitchen to relaxed breakout zones, these environments created a balance between focused research and social interaction.
As Katie Bowes, Associate Director Design, explains:
“Blended breakout spaces act as a bridge between laboratory and office environments. They provide choice, supporting collaboration, concentration and wellbeing across the team.”
Laboratories are typically energy-intensive environments, often consuming significantly more energy and water than standard office spaces. Designing with sustainability in mind is therefore essential.
Energy-efficient systems, including optimised ventilation and lighting, can reduce operational impact. Considering embodied carbon during material selection also supports more responsible design.
Simple behavioural changes can make a difference too. Encouraging responsible use of equipment, switching off systems when not in use and implementing clear recycling strategies all contribute to improved environmental performance.
Designing for longevity is key. Flexible layouts and durable materials reduce the need for future refurbishment, supporting a more sustainable lifecycle for the space.
As Barnaby Clark, Director of Sales and Marketing, notes:
“Laboratories are one of our most valuable assets. Creating safe and adaptable environments allows scientific teams to move quickly between projects while supporting sustainability goals.”
Designing a laboratory requires a coordinated approach that brings together planning, technical expertise and a clear understanding of user needs.
At COEL, we offer a full turnkey service, managing every stage from concept through to completion. Our in-house teams cover laboratory fit out and refurbishment, furniture, mechanical and electrical services and ongoing maintenance.
By aligning laboratory and office environments, we create cohesive spaces that support both research and collaboration.
If you are planning a new laboratory or looking to transform an existing space, early engagement can make all the difference. With the right strategy in place, your laboratory can become an environment that supports innovation, attracts talent and drives future growth.
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